Ankle Examination: Difference between revisions
From WikiMSK
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===Anterior Drawer=== | |||
[[File:anterior drawer.jpg|400px]] | |||
===Talar Tilt=== | |||
[[File:talar tilt.jpg|400px]] | |||
===Triple Compression Test=== | ===Triple Compression Test=== | ||
[[File:triple compression.png]] | [[File:triple compression.png]] | ||
Revision as of 19:29, 20 June 2020
Examination Structure
- Gait
- Look
- Feel
- Move
- Special tests
- Syndesmosis
- Squeeze test, external rotation
- Lateral ligamentous complex
- Anterior drawer, talar tilt
- Achilles
- Simmonds-Thompson test
- Tarsal tunnel
- Syndesmosis
Palpation
Bone tenderness base 5th MT - ฮบ 0.78 Bone tenderness tip of medial malleolus - ฮบ 0.66 Bone tenderness posterior edge lateral malleolus โ ฮบ 0.75 Syndesmosis ligament palpation - sens 0.92, spec 0.29, LR+ 1.29, LR- 0.28
Special Tests
- Anterior drawer test โ ATFL
- Talar tilt test โ ATFL + CFL
- Syndesmotic squeeze or external rotation test โ AITFL
- Thompson test โ TA
- Triple compression test - tarsal tunnel
| Test | Sensitivity | Specificity | +LR | -LR | Kappa |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Anterior Drawer | 0.33 | 0.73 | +1.27 | -0.90 | -0.03 |
| Talar Tilt | 0.67 | 0.75 | +2.7 | -0.44 | - |
| Syndesmotic Squeeze | 0.3 | 0.93 | +4.6 | -0.75 | 0.5 |
| External Rotation | 0.2 | 0.85 | +1.31 | -0.94 | 0.75 |
| Thomson Test | 0.96 | 0.93 | +13.5 | -0.04 | - |
| Triple Compression | 0.86 | 1.0 | inf | -0.99 | - |
Anterior Drawer
Talar Tilt
Triple Compression Test
This test aims to compress the posterior tibial nerve and its branches to provoke entrapment signs of Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome. The ankle is maximally plantarflexed, and inverted. Then pressure is applied over the posterior tibial nerve.
References
- โ Abouelela A., Zohiery AK. The triple compression stress test for diagnosis of tarsal tunnel syndrome. Foot (Edinb). 2012 Sep;22(3):146-9.
