Gluteal Muscles

Muscle	Origin	Insertion	Action	Nerve Supply
Gluteus Maximus	Gluteal surface of ilium, lumbar fascia, sacrum, sacrotuberous ligament	Greater trochanter of the femur and iliotibial tract	External rotation and extension of the hip joint, supports the extended knee through the iliotibial tract, chief antigravity muscle in sitting and abduction of the hip	Inferior gluteal nerve (L5, S1 and S2 nerve roots)
Gluteus Medius	Gluteal surface of ilium, under Gluteus Maximus	Greater trochanter of the femur	Abduction of the hip; preventing adduction of the hip. Medial/internal rotation and flexion of the hip (anterior fibers). Extension and Lateral/external rotation of the hip (posterior fibers)	Superior gluteal nerve (L4, L5, S1 nerve roots)
Gluteus Minimus	From area in between the anterior gluteal line and inferior gluteal line of Gluteal surface ilium, under gluteus medius.	Greater trochanter of the femur	Works in concert with gluteus medius: abduction of the hip; preventing adduction of the hip. Medial rotation of thigh.	superior gluteal nerve (L4, L5, S1 nerve roots)

Sacral Plexus