Hip Nerve Entrapment Syndromes

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Sites of nerve entrapment in the hip region. From Martin et al 2017

Anterior Nerve Entrapments
Nerve	Site of entrapment	Clinical features
Obturator	Obturator Canal Adductor muscle fascia	Pain in medial thigh Aggravation with movement into abduction
Femoral	Beneath iliopsoas tendon Inguinal ligament Adductor canal	Reproduction of symptoms with modified Thomas test position Quadriceps muscle weakness Pain in the anteromedial knee joint, medial leg, and foot
Lateral Femoral Cutaneous	Inguinal ligament	Positive pelvic compression test
Posterior Nerve Entrapments
Sciatic	Piriformis and obturator internus/gemelli complex Proximal hamstring Lesser trochanter and ischium	Positive seated piriformis stretch and/or active piriformis tests Ischial tenderness Pain in the posterior thigh to the popliteal fossa aggravated with running Positive ischial femoral impingement test
Pudendal	Ischial spine, sacrospinous ligament, and lesser sciatic notch entrance. Greater sciatic notch and piriformis Alcock's canal and obturator internus	Pain medial to ischium Sciatic notch tenderness and piriformis muscle spasm and tenderness Obturator internus spasm and tenderness