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Lumbosacral Plexus: Difference between revisions

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The lumbar plexus is located within the psoas muscle. It contains the canterior rami of the T12 to L4 nerve roots. Only the femoral nerve can be reliably tested by EMG. The lateral femoral cutaneous nerve can be tested but it is unreliable.
The lumbar plexus is located within the psoas muscle. It contains the canterior rami of the T12 to L4 nerve roots. Only the femoral nerve can be reliably tested by EMG. The lateral femoral cutaneous nerve can be tested but it is unreliable.


{| class="wikitable"
{{Lumbar Plexus}}
|-
! Nerve !! Segment !! Motor Supply !! Action !! Sensory Supply
|-
| Iliohypogastric nerve || T12/L1 || Transverse and internal oblique muscles || N/A || Lower abdomen
|-
| Ilioinguinal nerve || L1 || Inferior abdominal muscles || N/A || Inguinal region, small area of media thigh, and upper scrotum/labia
|-
| Genitofemoral nerve || L1, L2 || Cremasteric muscle in men || N/A ||Skin of femoral triangle. Lower scrotum/labia
|-
| Lateral femoral cutaneous nerve || L2,L3 || N/A || N/A ||Lateral thigh
|-
| Obturator nerve || L2, L3, L4 anterior rami || Adductor magnus (anterior half), adductor longus, adductor brevis, gracilis, obturator externus || Hip adduction || Medial thigh
|-
| Femoral nerve ||L2, L3, L4 anterior rami, posterior divisions || Quadriceps femoris, sartorius, pectineus, iliacus || Knee extension || Medial lower leg (through saphenous nerve
|-
| Lumbosacral trunk / [[Furcal Nerve|furcal nerve]] || L4-5, mainly L5 || Ankle dorsiflexion, eversion, inversion || || L5 sensory loss
|}


{{Lumbar Plexus Images}}
{{Lumbar Plexus Images}}

Revision as of 17:27, 15 June 2021

This article is still missing information.

The lumbosacral plexus can be divided into two anatomical parts: the upper lumbar plexus and the lower lumbosacral plexus.

Lumbar Plexus

The lumbar plexus is located within the psoas muscle. It contains the canterior rami of the T12 to L4 nerve roots. Only the femoral nerve can be reliably tested by EMG. The lateral femoral cutaneous nerve can be tested but it is unreliable.

Lumbar Plexus
Nerve Segment Motor Supply Action Sensory Supply
Iliohypogastric nerve T12/L1 Transversus abdominis and internal oblique muscles N/A Lower abdomen
Ilioinguinal nerve L1 Inferior abdominal muscles N/A Inguinal region, small area of media thigh, and upper scrotum/labia
Genitofemoral nerve L1, L2 Cremasteric muscle in men N/A Skin of femoral triangle. Lower scrotum/labia
Lateral femoral cutaneous nerve L2,L3 N/A N/A Lateral thigh
Obturator nerve L2, L3, L4 anterior rami Adductor magnus (anterior half), adductor longus, adductor brevis, gracilis, obturator externus Hip adduction Medial thigh
Femoral nerve L2, L3, L4 anterior rami, posterior divisions Quadriceps femoris, sartorius, pectineus, iliacus Knee extension Medial lower leg (through saphenous nerve
Lumbosacral trunk / furcal nerve L4-5, mainly L5 Ankle dorsiflexion, eversion, inversion L5 sensory loss
  • Lumbar Plexus

    Lumbar Plexus

  • Subcostal nerve

    Subcostal nerve

  • Iliohypogastric nerve

    Iliohypogastric nerve

  • Ilioinguinal nerve

    Ilioinguinal nerve

  • Genitofemoral nerve

    Genitofemoral nerve

  • Lateral femoral cutaneous nerve

    Lateral femoral cutaneous nerve

  • Obturator nerve

    Obturator nerve

  • Femoral nerve

    Femoral nerve

  • Lumbosacral trunk

    Lumbosacral trunk

Sacral Plexus

Nerve Segment Motor Supply Action Sensory Supply
Superior gluteal L4-S1 Gluteus medius, gluteus minimus, tensor fasciae latae hip abduction buttock pain
Inferior gluteal L5-S2 Gluteus maximus hip external rotation and power extension N/A
Sciatic trunk/nerve L5–S3 Posterior thigh muscles (except biceps femoris short head), and leg through common peroneal and tibial nerves -
Pudendal nerve S2-4 - -

Sacral Plexus Images

  • Sacral Plexus

    Sacral Plexus

  • Superior gluteal nerve

    Superior gluteal nerve

  • Inferior gluteal nerve

    Inferior gluteal nerve

  • Nerve to piriformis

    Nerve to piriformis

  • Sciatic nerve

    Sciatic nerve

  • Nerve to quadratus and inferior glemellus

    Nerve to quadratus and inferior glemellus

  • Nerve to obturator internus and superior gemellus

    Nerve to obturator internus and superior gemellus

  • Posterior femoral cutaneous nerve

    Posterior femoral cutaneous nerve

  • Perforating cutaneous nerve

    Perforating cutaneous nerve

  • Pudendal nerve

    Pudendal nerve

  • Nerves to perineum and levator ani

    Nerves to perineum and levator ani

Other Branches

Nerve Segment Motor Supply Action Sensory Supply
Tibial L4-S3 Hamstrings (except short head of biceps femoris, posterior part of adductor magnus), triceps surae, tibialis posterior, popliteus, flexor digitorum longus, flexor hallucis longus, intrinsic muscles of foot Knee flexion(primary), foot plantar flexion, toe flexion skin of posterior leg and sole of foot
Common fibular L4-S2 short head of biceps femoris, fibularis longus and brevis, tibialis anterior, extensor hallucis knee flexion (short head of biceps femoris), foot dorsiflexion and eversion, toe extension skin of anterior and lateral leg and dorsum of foot

Videos


Additional Images

  • Lumbar Plexus

    Lumbar Plexus

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