Myotomes

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Commonly Tested Movements

Commonly tested movements

Movement	UMN	Root	Reflex	Nerve	Muscle
Shoulder abduction	Example	Example	Example	Example	Example
Elbow flexion	Example	Example	Example	Example	Example
Elbow extension	Example	Example	Example	Example	Example
Radial wrist extension	Example	Example	Example	Example	Example
Finger extension	Example	Example	Example	Example	Example
Finger flexion	Example	Example	Example	Example	Example
Finger abduction	Example	Example	Example	Example	Example
Hip flexion	++	L1/2			Iliopsoas
Hip adduction		L2/3	+	Obturator	Adductors
Hip extension		L5/S1		Sciatic	Gluteus Maximus
Knee flexion	+	S1		Sciatic	Hamstrings
Knee extension		L3/4	+	Femoral	Quadriceps
Ankle dorsiflexion	++	L4		Deep peroneal	Tibialis anterior
Ankle eversion		L5/S1		Superficial peroneal	Peronei
Ankle plantarflexion		S1/S2	+	Tibial	Gastrocnemius, soleus
Big toe extension		L5		Deep peroneal	Extensor hallucis longus

Myotome Dance

• C1, 2 – I nod to you – Neck flexion/extension
• C3 – Don’t tickle me – Neck lateral flexion
• C4 – I’m not sure – Shoulder elevation
• C5 – Feel alive – Shoulder flexion, abduction, & lateral rotation
• C6, 7, 8 – Close the gate – Shoulder extension, adduction & medial rotation
• C5, 6 – Pick up sticks – Elbow flexion
• C7, 8 – Lay them straight – Elbow extension
• C5, 6 – Flick my wrists – Forearm supination
• C7, 8 – The time is late – Forearm pronation
• C6, 7 – Fly up to heaven – Wrist flexion & extension
• C7 – Paper – Finger extension
• C8 – Rock – Finger flexion (though some sources say C7, 8 does both finger extension and flexion)
• T1 – Scissors – Finger abduction & adduction

• (T1-12 – Supplies chest wall and abdominal muscles)
• (L1 – Contributes to hip flexion & adduction)

Kicking a ball:

• L2, 3 – Lift my knee – Hip flexion
• L3, 4 – Kick the door – Knee extension (& knee-jerk reaction)
• L4, 5 – Foot points to the sky – Ankle dorsiflexion

Bringing foot back to the floor:

• L4, 5 – Extend my thigh – Hip extension
• L5, S1, (S2) – Kick my bum (Run to poo) – Knee flexion
• S1, 2 – Stand on my shoes – Ankle plantarflexion (& ankle jerk)
• (Babinski plantar reflex/extensor response in UMN lesion is L5, S1, S2)

• L2, 3, 4 – Modestly close the door – Hip adduction & internal/medial rotation
• L4 - S2 – The opposite is true – Hip abduction & external/lateral rotation

• C3, 4, 5 - Keeps the diaphragm alive → Innervates the diaphragm
• S2, 3, 4 – Keeps poo off the floor → Innervates bowel, bladder, sex organs, anal sphincter, pelvic muscles. (& anal wink reflex)