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Opioids: Difference between revisions
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|style="width: 28%"|'''Mu''' | |||
|style="width: 28%"|'''Delta''' | |||
|style="width: 28%"|'''Kappa''' | |||
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|Analgesia, sedation, dyspnoea, psychomimetic effects, miosis, respiratory depression, euphoria, dysphoria, dyspnoea | |Analgesia, sedation, dyspnoea, psychomimetic effects, miosis, respiratory depression, euphoria, dysphoria, dyspnoea | ||
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! colspan="4" |'''Endogenous Peptides''' | |||
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|Enkephalins | |Enkephalins | ||
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|Agonist | |Agonist | ||
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| | |Agonist | ||
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! colspan="4" |'''Agonists''' | |||
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|Morphine | |Morphine | ||
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! colspan="4" |'''Antagonists''' | |||
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|Naloxone | |Naloxone |
Revision as of 21:54, 24 June 2021
This article is a stub.
Classification
Classification by receptor affinity
- Opioid Agonists - Morphine, Codeine, Meperidine, Fentanyl, Sufentanil, Remifentanil, Methadone, Tramadol
- Opioid Agonist/Antagonists & Partial Agonists - Pentazocine, Nalbuphine, Butorphanol, Buprenorphine
- Opioid Antagonists - Nalorphine, Naloxone, Naltrexone, Naltrindole, Nalmefene
Classification by Exogenous Opioids Strength
According to the strength or potency based on the plasma concentrations at which they exert their effects. C50 or the plasma concentration causing a 50% effect.
- Strong Opioids include fentanyl, sufentanil, and remifentanil
- Weak opioids include codeine and tramadol
- Intermediate group includes morphine, methadone, oxycodone, and buprenorphine
Classification by synthetic process
- Naturally occurring compounds - Morphine, Codeine, Thebaine, Papaverine
- Semi-synthetic compounds - Diamorphine (heroin), Dihydromorphone, Buprenorphine, Oxycodone
- Synthetic compounds - Pethidine, Fentanyl, Methadone, Alfentanil, Remifentanil, Tapentadol
Pharmacology
Mu | Delta | Kappa | |
Mu1 - Analgesia
Mu2 - Sedation, vomiting, respiratory depression, pruritis, euphoria, anorexia, urinary retention, physical dependence. |
Analgesia, spinal analgesia | Analgesia, sedation, dyspnoea, psychomimetic effects, miosis, respiratory depression, euphoria, dysphoria, dyspnoea | |
Endogenous Peptides | |||
---|---|---|---|
Enkephalins | Agonist | Agonist | |
B-Endorphin | Agonist | Agonist | |
Dynorphin A | Agonist | Agonist | |
Agonists | |||
Morphine | Agonist | Weak Agonist | |
Codeine | Weak Agonist | Weak Agonist | |
Fentanyl | Agonist | ||
Meperidine | Agonist | Agonist | |
Methadone | Agonist | ||
Antagonists | |||
Naloxone | Antagonist | Weak Antagonist | Antagonist |
Naltrexone | Antagonist | Weak Antagonist | Antagonist |