Template:Synovial joints datatable

Acromioclavicular Joint	Joint type: Planar Joint	Bones: Clavicle, Scapula	Ligaments: Coracoclavicular, coracoacromial, superior acromioclavicular, and inferior acromioclavicular ligaments.	Muscles: No muscles directly act on this joint.	Innervation: Axillary, suprascapular, and lateral pectoral nerves	Vasculature: Suprascapular and thoracoacromial arteries	ROM: Upward rotation: 30 degrees, external rotation:8 degrees	Volume: 2mL
Atlanto-axial Joint	Joint type: Pivot Joint	Bones: C1 (Atlas), C2 (Axis)			Innervation: C2		ROM: Rotation ~45° each way, flexion-extension ~10° each way, and lateral flexion ~5° each way
Atlanto-occipital Joint	Joint type: Condyloid Joint	Bones: C1 (Atlas), Occiput	Ligaments: Two articular capsules, posterior atlanto-occipital membrane, anterior atlanto-occipital membrane	Muscles: Flexion by longi capitis and recti capitis anteriores; extension by recti capitis posteriores major and minor, the obliquus capitis superior, the semispinalis capitis, splenius capitis, sternocleidomastoid, and upper fibres of the trapezius.	Innervation: C1	Vasculature: Anastomosis between the deep cervical, occipital and vertebral arteries.	ROM: 3.5 flexion, 21 extension, 10.9 lateral flexion each way, 6.7 rotation each way
Cervical Zygapophyseal (Facet) Joint	Joint type: Planar Joint
Distal Radioulnar Joint	Joint type: Pivot Joint	Bones: Radius, Ulna	Ligaments: Triangular, anterior distal radioulnar, and posterior distal radioulnar ligaments	Muscles: Pronation: pronator quadratus, pronator teres; Supination: supinator, biceps brachii	Innervation: Anterior and posterior interosseous nerves	Vasculature: Anterior and posterior interosseous arteries
Elbow Joint	Joint type: Hinge Joint	Bones: Radius, Ulna, Humerus	Ligaments: Capsule, medial and lateral collateral ligaments, oblique cord, quadrate ligament		Innervation: Radial, ulnar, median, and musculocutaneous nerves	Vasculature: Anastomotic arcades formed by branches of radial, ulnar, and brachial arteries.
First Carpometacarpal Joint (Trapeziometacarpal Joint)	Joint type: Saddle Joint	Bones: Metacarpal, Trapezium	Ligaments: Capsule, anterior oblique, ulnar collateral, first intermetacarpal, posterior oblique, dorsoradial ligaments.		Innervation: Lateral antebrachial cutaneous nerve, palmar cutaneous branch of the median nerve, superficial radial nerve	Vasculature: First dorsal metacarpal branch of the radial artery	ROM: 53° of flexion/extension, 42° of abduction/adduction, and 17° of rotation
Glenohumeral Joint	Joint type: Ball and Socket Joint	Bones: Humerus, Scapula	Ligaments: Capsule, glenohumeral, coracohumeral and transverse humeral ligaments	Muscles: abduction: deltoid assisted by the supraspinatus; adduction: short scapular muscles (except supraspinatus) when the deltoid relaxes. Assisted by the pectoralis major and latissimus dorsi; flexion: clavicular head of the pectoralis major and the anterior fibres of the deltoid, assisted by the coracobrachialis and biceps; extension: latissimus dorsi, posterior fibres of the deltoid and the long head of the triceps; rotation: lateral rotation: infraspinatus and teres minor, medial rotation: subscapularis and teres major	Innervation: suprascapular, subscapular, axillary and lateral pectoral nerves	Vasculature: anterior and posterior humeral circumflex, and subscapular arteries	ROM: arm flexion, extension, adduction, abduction, and internal and external rotation
Hip Joint	Joint type: Ball and Socket Joint	Bones: Ilium, Femur	Ligaments: Ischiofemoral, iliofemoral, pubofemoral, transverse acetabular, and ligamentum teres	Muscles: 27 musculotendinous units are involved in hip function	Innervation: Femoral, obturator and superior gluteal nerves, and nerve to quadratus femoris	Vasculature: Branches of the medial and lateral circumflex femoral, superior and inferior gluteal arteries and obturator arteries	ROM: Flexion 140°, extension 20°, Internal rotation 30°, external rotation 40°, abduction 50°, adduction 30°	Volume: 1-10mL
Interphalangeal Joints (Foot)	Joint type: Hinge Joint	Bones: Proximal Phalanx (Foot), Distal Phalanx (Foot)
Knee Joint	Joint type: Saddle Joint, Hinge Joint	Bones: Tibia, Femur, Patella			Innervation: Popliteal nerve, tibial nerve	Vasculature: Genicular branches of the popliteal artery	ROM: Mainly sagittal plane: 3° of hyperextension to 155° of flexion
Lumbar Zygapophyseal (Facet) Joint	Joint type: Planar Joint	Bones: Vertebra	Ligaments: Capsular Ligament		Innervation: Medial Branches of the Dorsal Rami	Vasculature: Branches of Lumbar Arteries	ROM: Limited Flexion, Extension, Lateral Flexion, and Rotation
Metacarpophalangeal Joint	Joint type: Condyloid Joint	Bones: Metacarpal, Proximal Phalanx (Hand)	Ligaments: Capsule, two collateral ligaments, palmar (volar) ligament		Innervation: Digital nerves from the ulnar and median nerves	Vasculature: Deep digital arteries from the superficial palmar arch
Metatarsophalangeal Joints	Joint type: Condyloid Joint	Bones: Metacarpal, Proximal Phalanx (Foot)	Ligaments: Capsule, collateral ligamentous complexes, plantar plate. For great toe also sesamoid-phalangeal ligaments.	Muscles: flexor digitorum longus, flexor digitorum brevis, extensor digitorum longus, extensor digitorum brevis, flexor digiti minimi brevis, abductor digiti minimi, dorsal and plantar Interossei, lumbricals	Innervation: Digital nerves from the ulnar and median nerves	Vasculature: Deep digital arteries from the superficial palmar arch
Proximal Radioulnar Joint	Joint type: Pivot Joint	Bones: Radius, Ulna	Ligaments: Annular ligament		Innervation: Articular branches of the musculocutaneous, median, and radial nerve	Vasculature: Radial portion of the peri-articular arterial anastomosis of the elbow joint
Radiocarpal Joint	Joint type: Condyloid Joint	Bones: Radius, Ulna, Scaphoid, Lunate, Triquetrum	Ligaments: Volar: radial collateral ligament to styloid process, radioscaphocapitate, ligament radiolunate ligament, radioscapholunate ligament; Dorsal: radioscaphoid ligament, radiolunate ligament, radiotriquetral ligament	Muscles: flexor digitorum superficialis, flexor digitorum profundus, palmaris longus, flexor carpi radialis and ulnaris, extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis, extensor carpi ulnaris, extensor digitorum, flexor carpi ulnaris, extensor carpi ulnaris, extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis, flexor carpi radialis	Innervation: anterior interosseous nerve arising from median nerve (C5-T1), posterior interosseous nerve arising from radial nerve (C7-C8)	Vasculature: Palmar carpal arch (from palmar carpal branches of radial and ulnar arteries, reinforced by anterior interosseous artery and penetrating deep branches of deep palmar arch), dorsal carpal arch (formed by dorsal carpal branches of radial and ulnar arteries, reinforced by anterior and posterior interosseous arteries)
Sacroiliac Joint		Bones: Ilium, Sacrum	Ligaments: Anterior sacroiliac, interosseous sacroiliac, posterior sacroiliac, long posterior sacroiliac, sacrotuberous, sacrospinous, and iliolumbar ligaments.		Innervation: Posterior joint lateral branches of the posterior rami of L5-S4. Anterior joint L4-S3 (+/- L3, sacral plexus, superior gluteal nerve)	Vasculature: Median sacral artery and the lateral sacral branches of the internal iliac artery	ROM: 0-2°	Volume: 1 - 1.5 mLs
Sternoclavicular Joint	Joint type: Saddle Joint	Bones: Clavicle, Rib 1, Manubrium	Ligaments: Sternoclavicular, costoclavicular, interclavicular ligs.		Innervation: Medial supraclavicular (C3-4) and subclavian (C5-6) nn.	Vasculature: Internal thoracic and suprascapular aa. (branches of the subclavian a.)	ROM: 35° in the horizontal and coronal planes, 70° range of motion anteroposteriorly, 50° of rotation along its long axis.
Talocalcaneal Joint (Subtalar Joint)	Joint type: Planar Joint	Bones: Talus, Calcaneus	Ligaments: Multiple, interosseous talocalcaneal ligament is most important		Innervation: Medial plantar, lateral plantar, and deep fibular nerves	Vasculature: Posterior tibial and fibular arteries	ROM: Equal components of inversion/eversion and abduction/adduction.
Tibiotalar Joint (Talocrural Joint)	Joint type: Hinge Joint	Bones: Tibia, Fibula, Talus	Ligaments: Syndesmosis, medial collateral ligaments, lateral collateral ligaments		Innervation: tibial nerve, deep peroneal nerve	Vasculature: anterior and posterior tibial arteries, peroneal artery	ROM: 10° to 20° of dorsiflexion, 40° to 55° of plantarflexion	Volume: 16-30 mL