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Lumbar Spinal Stenosis
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The cluster of Cook are features on history to determine the probability of lumbar spinal stenosis.[1] The features on history are 1) bilateral symptoms; 2) leg pain more than back pain; 3) pain during walking/standing; 4) pain relief upon sitting; and 5) age>48 years. Having no findings has a sensitivity of 96%, with a negative likelihood ratio of 0.19. Having four of five findings has a sensitivity of 6%, and specificity of 98%, with a positive likelihood ratio of 4.6. Three of five findings had a higher sensitivity, but a lower LR+ of 2.5.