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Chronic Post-Traumatic Neck Pain

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Whiplash is a compression injury. It is not a flexion/extension or acceleration/deceleration injury. Following impact, the trunk is thrust upwards, against the inertia of the head. This causes a sigmoid deformation of the cervical spine. During the deformation, the lower cervical segments undergo abnormal rotation into extension. The anterior annulus fibrosis is strained, and the facet joints are impacted.

References

  • Kaneoka, K., Ono, K., Inami, S., Ochiai, N., & Hayashi, K. (2002). The Human Cervical Spine Motion During Rear-Impact Collisions. Journal of Whiplash & Related Disorders, 1(1), 85–97. doi:10.3109/j180v01n01_08
  • Kaneoka et al.. Motion analysis of cervical vertebrae during whiplash loading. Spine 1999. 24:763-9; discussion 770. PMID: 10222526. DOI.
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