Hyoid Bone Syndrome

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Hyoid Bone Syndrome
Definition	Pain arising from calcification and inflammation of the attachment of the stylohyoid ligament to the hyoid bone.
Clinical Features	Anterior neck pain with jaw movement, neck movement, or swallowing.
Tests	Diagnostic local anaesthetic into the stylohyoid attachment to the hyoid bone.

Hyoid syndrome is

Anatomy

They stylohyoid ligament attaches to the styloid process superiorly, and to the hyoid bone inferiorly.

Pathophysiology

There is calcification and inflammation of the inferior attachment of the stylohyoid ligament to the hyoid bone. There may also be tendinitis of muscles that attach to the hyoid bone. It may co-exist with Eagle's syndrome.

Clinical Features

Sharping and stabbing pain that comes on with jaw movement, chewing, neck rotation, or swallowing. The pain is felt below the angle of the mandible and radiates to the anterolateral neck and ipsilateral ear. Patients may complain of a foreign body sensation in their throat.

Investigations

Diagnostic Block

Injection of local anaesthetic into the attachment of the stylohyoid ligament to the greater cornu of the hyoid bone. Abolition of pain supports the diagnosis. Corticosteroid can be added for an additional therapeutic effect.

Use a 22-gauge 1.5 inch needle with a 10mL syringe. Insert the needle just inferior to the angle of the mandible perpendicular to the skin. Advance until the hyoid bone is hit.

Literature Review

Literature Review

Reviews from the last 7 years: review articles, free review articles, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, NCBI Bookshelf

Articles from all years: PubMed search, Google Scholar search.

TRIP Database: clinical publications about evidence-based medicine.

Other Wikis: Radiopaedia, Wikipedia Search, Wikipedia I Feel Lucky, Orthobullets,