Lumbosacral Plexus: Difference between revisions

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The lumbosacral plexus can be divided into two anatomical parts: the upper lumbar plexus and the lower lumbosacral plexus.

Lumbar Plexus

The lumbar plexus is located within the psoas muscle. It contains the canterior rami of the T12 to L4 nerve roots. Only the femoral nerve can be reliably tested by EMG. The lateral femoral cutaneous nerve can be tested but it is unreliable.

Nerve	Segment	Motor Supply	Action	Sensory Supply
Iliohypogastric nerve	T12/L1	Transverse and internal oblique muscles	N/A	Lower abdomen
Ilioinguinal nerve	L1	Inferior abdominal muscles	N/A	Inguinal region, small area of media thigh, and upper scrotum/labia
Genitofemoral nerve	L1, L2	Cremasteric muscle in men	N/A	Skin of femoral triangle. Lower scrotum/labia
Lateral femoral cutaneous nerve	L2,L3	N/A	N/A	Lateral thigh
Obturator nerve	L2, L3, L4 anterior rami	Adductor magnus (anterior half), adductor longus, adductor brevis, gracilis, obturator externus	Hip adduction	Medial thigh
Femoral nerve	L2, L3, L4 anterior rami, posterior divisions	Quadriceps femoris, sartorius, pectineus, iliacus	Knee extension	Medial lower leg (through saphenous nerve
Lumbosacral trunk / furcal nerve	L4-5, mainly L5	Ankle dorsiflexion, eversion, inversion		L5 sensory loss

Lumbar Plexus
Subcostal nerve
Iliohypogastric nerve
Ilioinguinal nerve
Genitofemoral nerve
Lateral femoral cutaneous nerve
Obturator nerve
Femoral nerve
Lumbosacral trunk

Sacral Plexus

Nerve	Segment	Motor Supply	Action	Sensory Supply
Superior gluteal	L4-S1	Gluteus medius, gluteus minimus, tensor fasciae latae	hip abduction	buttock pain
Inferior gluteal	L5-S2	Gluteus maximus	hip external rotation and power extension	N/A
Sciatic trunk/nerve	L5–S3	Posterior thigh muscles (except biceps femoris short head), and leg through common peroneal and tibial nerves		-
Pudendal nerve	S2-4	-		-

Sacral Plexus Images

Sacral Plexus
Superior gluteal nerve
Inferior gluteal nerve
Nerve to piriformis
Sciatic nerve
Nerve to quadratus and inferior glemellus
Nerve to obturator internus and superior gemellus
Posterior femoral cutaneous nerve
Perforating cutaneous nerve
Pudendal nerve
Nerves to perineum and levator ani

Other Branches

Nerve	Segment	Motor Supply	Action	Sensory Supply
Tibial	L4-S3	Hamstrings (except short head of biceps femoris, posterior part of adductor magnus), triceps surae, tibialis posterior, popliteus, flexor digitorum longus, flexor hallucis longus, intrinsic muscles of foot	Knee flexion(primary), foot plantar flexion, toe flexion	skin of posterior leg and sole of foot
Common fibular	L4-S2	short head of biceps femoris, fibularis longus and brevis, tibialis anterior, extensor hallucis	knee flexion (short head of biceps femoris), foot dorsiflexion and eversion, toe extension	skin of anterior and lateral leg and dorsum of foot

Videos

Additional Images

Lumbar Plexus

@@ Line 21: / Line 21: @@
 | Femoral nerve ||L2, L3, L4 anterior rami, posterior divisions || Quadriceps femoris, sartorius, pectineus, iliacus || Knee extension || Medial lower leg (through saphenous nerve
 |-
-| Lumbosacral trunk / furcal nerve || L4-5, mainly L5 || Ankle dorsiflexion, eversion, inversion || || L5 sensory loss
+| Lumbosacral trunk / [[Furcal Nerve|furcal nerve]] || L4-5, mainly L5 || Ankle dorsiflexion, eversion, inversion || || L5 sensory loss
 |}
@@ Line 63: / Line 63: @@
 Lumbar Plexus.png|Lumbar Plexus
 </gallery>
 [[Category:Lumbar Spine Anatomy]]
 [[Category:Nerves of the Lower Limb and Lower Torso]]
 [[Category:Partially complete articles]]