Proximal Hamstring Injuries

This article is a stub.

See Degen for a review of chronic insertional tendinopathy, partial-thickness hamstring tears, and complete hamstring avulsions.

Differential Diagnosis of Proximal and Distal Posterior Thigh Pain

Differential Diagnosis

Proximal thigh

• Soft tissue causes
  • Hamstring sprain
  • Hamstring Tendinopathy
  • Adductor sprain
  • Semimembranous or ischiogluteal bursitis
  • Ischiofemoral impingement
• Referred pain
  • Referred lumbar spine pain
  • Sacroiliac joint dysfunction
• Neurological
  • "Hamstring syndrome"
  • Nerve entrapment of posterior cutaneous or sciatic nerves
• Fractures
  • Femoral neck or shaft stress fracture
  • Posterior pubic or ischial ramus stress fracture
  • Ischial tuberosity apophysitis/avulsion fracture
• Posterior thigh compartment syndrome
• Myositis ossificans of the hamstring muscle
• Pelvic bone tumours
• Iliac artery endofibrosis
• Apophysitis or avulsion in adolescents

Distal thigh

• DVT
• Meniscal injury
• Gastrocnemius injury
• Popliteus injury
• Popliteal artery entrapment syndrome
• Popliteal cyst