Template:Low Back Pain Red Flags

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Red Flags
  • History of: Trauma, sports injury, fever, night sweats, recent surgery, catheterisation, venipuncture, illicit drug use, weight loss, cancer, occupational exposure, hobby exposure, overseas travel, pain severe worsening or unremitting especially at night
  • Cardiovascular: Risk factors
  • Respiratory: Cough in a smoker or ex-smoker
  • Gentio-urinary: Infection, haematuria, retention, stream problems
  • Gynaecological: abnormal uterine bleeding, dysmenorrhoea
  • Haematological
  • Endocrine: Diabetes, corticosteroids, parathyroid
  • Musculoskeletal: pain elsewhere
  • Neurologic: symptoms/signs including for cauda equina compression
  • Skin: Infection, rashes
  • Gastrointestinal: Diarrhoea, inflammatory bowel disease
  • Demographic: Aged over 50 years with first episode, especially age over 65 years