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concomitantly with clavicular fractures given the traumatic mechanism of injury. Red Flags Posterior or inferior displacement of a segment puts neurovascular structures

intra-articular radius or scaphoid fractures, but the diagnosis is often missed. Red Flags High energy trauma Displaced, intra-articular distal radius fracture, especially

detection of scapular fracture, the physician must recognize this as a red flag signifying high energy trauma and initiate a proper work up to rule out

potentially associated injuries. A fall on the outstretched wrist is itself a "red flag" and should raise suspicion for a scaphoid fracture. When there is tenderness

fracture. An isolated and non-complicated low energy fracture is itself a red flag: it may reflect previously undetected osteoporosis or other metabolic bone

damage. Damage to the rotator cuff is common with displaced fractures. Red Flags Proximal humerus fractures with open wounds (or impending open-wounds,

advanced syphilis. In all patients with diabetes, breaks in the skin are a red flag, as these can be a portal of entry for bacteria and subsequent infection

fractures. Red Flags Hindfoot fractures can be missed in patients who have sustained polytraumatic injuries. Thus an axial load mechanism should be a “red flag”

easily be missed if attention is paid to only the ankle joint itself. Red Flags Blood on the skin is suggestive of an open fracture. Any break in the skin

Examination Elbow History Elbow Imaging Elbow Pain Differential Diagnoses Elbow Red Flags Shiri R, Viikari-Juntura E, Varonen H, Heliövaara M. Prevalence and determinants

underlying pathological process such as a bone tumour or osteoporosis. The “red flags” of tibia fractures are any sign or symptom that would suggest a vascular

these soft tissue injuries. In the elderly patient, a fall itself is a red flag and needs to be investigated. Various medical comorbidities (e.g., anemia

annotated x-ray of the knee, showing patella (P) with the quadriceps muscle in red. The infrapatellar ligament (also known as the patellar tendon) is outlined

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related to red flag conditions. A systematic enquiry about red flag symptoms is preferred, which should raise an alert in the doctor's mind. Red Flags Significant

and stress fractures. A high energy femoral shaft fracture should be a red flag alerting to the possible presence of an ipsilateral femoral neck fracture

acetabular fracture. High energy trauma and intra-abdominal injury are red flags that may indicate a more complex pelvic fracture involving the pelvic ring

presence of red flags, plain films and inflammatory markers are the first screening tests. Plain films should only be done in the setting of red flags: age >50

part of the red flags section below. Red flag conditions are rare, and so the pre-test probability is in favour of the pain being benign. Red flag conditions

subtle and can be easily missed unless clinical vigilance is maintained. Red flags that may help to identify patients requiring more urgent treatment for