Tibial Nerve: Difference between revisions
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{{Nerve | {{Nerve | ||
|quality=Stub | |||
|image=Sacral and pudendal plexuses Gray828.png | |image=Sacral and pudendal plexuses Gray828.png | ||
|caption=Plan of sacral and pudendal plexuses (Tibial nerve labelled at centre left) | |caption=Plan of sacral and pudendal plexuses (Tibial nerve labelled at centre left) | ||
|branchfrom=One of the two branches of the [[Sciatic Nerve|sciatic nerve]] in the lower third of the thigh | |type=Mixed nerve | ||
|branchfrom=One of the two branches of the [[Sciatic Nerve|sciatic nerve]] in the lower third of the thigh. L4-S3. | |||
|course=Through popliteal fossa, deep to [[Gastrocnemius|gastrocnemius]], and under the flexor retinaculum of the ankle. | |course=Through popliteal fossa, deep to [[Gastrocnemius|gastrocnemius]], and under the flexor retinaculum of the ankle. | ||
|branchto=[[Sural Nerve]], [[Medial Plantar Nerve]], [[Lateral Plantar Nerve]], [[Medial Calcaneal Nerve]] | |branchto=[[Sural Nerve]], [[Medial Plantar Nerve]], [[Lateral Plantar Nerve]], [[Medial Calcaneal Nerve]] | ||
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|motorinnervates=[[Posterior Compartment of the Thigh]], [[Posterior Compartment of the Leg]], muscles of the sole of the foot | |motorinnervates=[[Posterior Compartment of the Thigh]], [[Posterior Compartment of the Leg]], muscles of the sole of the foot | ||
}} | }} | ||
== Course == | |||
It forms the medial portion of the sciatic nerve. It leaves the sciatic nerve in the lower thigh and runs to the central popliteal fossa between and deep to the [[Semitendinosus]] and [[Biceps Femoris]] muscles. It courses into the lower leg under the fibrous arch of soleus, along the [[Tibialis Posterior]]. It reaches medially to lie posterior to the medial malleolus of the ankle under the flexor retinaculum.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Instant Anatomy - Lower Limb - Nerves - Tibial|url=https://www.instantanatomy.net/leg/nerves/tibial.html|access-date=2022-04-17|website=www.instantanatomy.net}}</ref> | |||
== Branches == | |||
=== Branches in Thigh: === | |||
'''Motor''': [[Gastrocnemius]], [[Popliteus]], [[Plantaris]] | |||
'''Sensory''': knee and superficial tibiofibular joints, [[Sural Nerve]] to posterolateral calf and lateral foot skin. | |||
=== Branches in Leg: === | |||
'''Motor''': [[Soleus]], [[Tibialis Posterior]], [[Flexor Digitorum Longus]], [[Flexor Hallucis Longus]] | |||
'''Sensory''': [[Tibiotalar Joint (Talocrural Joint)|Ankle Joint]], [[Medial Calcaneal Nerve]] to heel and medial sole of skin | |||
=== Branches in Foot: === | |||
'''Motor''': [[Medial Plantar Nerve]], [[Lateral Plantar Nerve]] | |||
'''Sensory''': [[Medial Plantar Nerve]], [[Lateral Plantar Nerve]] | |||
==Lesion Effect== | |||
A high lesion of the tibial nerve results in | |||
*Loss of flexion of the toes and inversion of the foot. | |||
*Loss of sensation of the sole of the foot, inferior aspect of the toes, and nail beds | |||
[[File:Posterior leg nerves Gray832.png|thumb|right|Nerves of the right lower limb, posterior view]] | |||
==References== | |||
<references/> | |||
{{Nerves of the lumbosacral plexus|state=collapsed}} | {{Nerves of the lumbosacral plexus|state=collapsed}} |
Latest revision as of 08:48, 18 April 2022
Tibial Nerve | |
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Nerve Type | Mixed nerve |
Origin | One of the two branches of the sciatic nerve in the lower third of the thigh. L4-S3. |
Course | Through popliteal fossa, deep to gastrocnemius, and under the flexor retinaculum of the ankle. |
Major Branches | Sural Nerve, Medial Plantar Nerve, Lateral Plantar Nerve, Medial Calcaneal Nerve |
Sensory innervation | Articular branches to the joints of the knee, ankle, and foot. Cutaneous branches to the posterior calf and sole of the foot. |
Motor innervation | Posterior Compartment of the Thigh, Posterior Compartment of the Leg, muscles of the sole of the foot |
Course
It forms the medial portion of the sciatic nerve. It leaves the sciatic nerve in the lower thigh and runs to the central popliteal fossa between and deep to the Semitendinosus and Biceps Femoris muscles. It courses into the lower leg under the fibrous arch of soleus, along the Tibialis Posterior. It reaches medially to lie posterior to the medial malleolus of the ankle under the flexor retinaculum.[1]
Branches
Branches in Thigh:
Motor: Gastrocnemius, Popliteus, Plantaris
Sensory: knee and superficial tibiofibular joints, Sural Nerve to posterolateral calf and lateral foot skin.
Branches in Leg:
Motor: Soleus, Tibialis Posterior, Flexor Digitorum Longus, Flexor Hallucis Longus
Sensory: Ankle Joint, Medial Calcaneal Nerve to heel and medial sole of skin
Branches in Foot:
Motor: Medial Plantar Nerve, Lateral Plantar Nerve
Sensory: Medial Plantar Nerve, Lateral Plantar Nerve
Lesion Effect
A high lesion of the tibial nerve results in
- Loss of flexion of the toes and inversion of the foot.
- Loss of sensation of the sole of the foot, inferior aspect of the toes, and nail beds
References
- ā "Instant Anatomy - Lower Limb - Nerves - Tibial". www.instantanatomy.net. Retrieved 2022-04-17.