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Flexor Digitorum Profundus
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| Flexor Digitorum Profundus | |
|---|---|
| Muscle Type | |
| Origin | Anterior and medial surfaces of the proximal three-quarters of the ulna |
| Insertion | Four tendons insert into the base of each distal phalanx of digits 2-5 |
| Action | DIP flexion. Also MCP and PIP flexion of fingers 2-5, assists with flexion of the wrist. |
| Synergists | |
| Antagonists | |
| Spinal innervation | |
| Peripheral Innervation | Ulnar Nerve (digits 4 and 5), Median Nerve (digits 2 and 3) |
| Vasculature | |
Palpation
The tendons are palpated where they cross the palmar surface of each middle phalanx of digits 2-5
Manual Muscle Testing
Isolating the flexor digitorum profundus is typically done via the DIP flexion test. The examiner holds the patient’s middle phalanx of the affected finger (and stabilizes other fingers) to prevent the flexor digitorum superficialis and adjacent FDP tendons from assisting, then asks the patient to flex the distal phalanx. The clinical test is sometimes called the “Jersey finger test” The clinician must ensure the neighboring fingers remain extended (to eliminate tension from common muscle bellies) and that the wrist is in neutral (to avoid tenodesis effects).
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