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This article is a stub. See open access review by Leider et al. Leider, Joseph D.; Derise, Olivia C.; Bourdreaux, Kyle A.; Dierks, Gregor J.; Lee, Christopher;

by the "C-sign", "deep pointer sign", or "coordinate fingers" (see Figure 1) Ahuja, Vanita; Thapa, Deepak; Patial, Sofia; Chander, Anjuman; Ahuja, Anupam

local anaesthetic e.g. lidocaine 2% 1-1.5mL. For possible therapeutic benefit add corticosteroid for a maximum volume of 1.5-2mL. Withdraw needle, apply dressing

craniofacial pain". Cranio: The Journal of Craniomandibular Practice. 28 (1): 50–59. doi:10.1179/crn.2010.007. ISSN 0886-9634. PMID 20158009. Check date

This article is a stub. Thoracic facet joint pain is felt in the parasagittal region and doesn't cross the midline. Thoracic Zygapophyseal Joint Pain Patterns

(2014-02). "Differentiating c8-t1 radiculopathy from ulnar neuropathy: a survey of 24 spine surgeons". Global Spine Journal. 4 (1): 1–6. doi:10.1055/s-0033-1354254

nerve. Differential Diagnosis of Lateral Foot Pain Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome S1 radicular pain Plantar Fasciitis Fat Pad Atrophy Neuroma Obtain weight-bearing

(2014-02). "Differentiating c8-t1 radiculopathy from ulnar neuropathy: a survey of 24 spine surgeons". Global Spine Journal. 4 (1): 1–6. doi:10.1055/s-0033-1354254

is their predominant symptom. The incidence is approximately 1-6 per 100,000. There is a 2:1 female to male prevalence. Myositis can occur in all ages. In

disease. SS is most common in women, the female to male ratio often exceeds 10:1. It usually is diagnosed between 40-60 but it can occur in younger and older

This article is a stub. Glyceryl Trinitrate is a treatment for Tendinopathy. It is applied to the degenerative area and may enhance collagen synthesis

This article is a stub. The acromioclavicular joint (ACJ) is formed by the junction between the acromion process of the scapula and the distal clavicle

This article is a stub. The functional spinal unit (FSU) is the smallest motion segment of the spine. It includes two vertebrae with an interleaving intervertebral

forward. MRI can be helpful. If the patient has back pain then consider L5 or S1 radicular pain and examine for radiculopathy (See Lumbar Radicular Pain). If

This is ported content from StatPearls It is subject to the compatible CC-BY license. A hinge joint is an articulation between the convex end of one bone

This is ported content from StatPearls It is subject to the compatible CC-BY license. A planar joint, or gliding joint, is defined as an articulation between

- Situm 2018.pdf - 678 KB (f) Notalgia Paresthetica - Robinson 2023.pdf - 1.2 MB (f) Robinson, Christopher; Downs, Evan; De la Caridad Gomez, Yanet; Nduaguba

joint tenderness in women". International Journal of Rheumatic Diseases. 12 (1): 39–43. doi:10.1111/j.1756-185X.2009.01378.x. ISSN 1756-185X. PMID 20374315

enjoyment, may need to be considered. Exercise Prescription - Luan 2019 - 1.09 MB (f) Exercise Induced Hypoalgesia Obesity and Chronic Pain Textbook: ACSM's

22-gauge spinal needle Injection Solution: 4 mL, containing 1 mL of triamcinolone and 3 mL of 1% lidocaine An obliquely oriented path with the target in the

OSD Classificiation of De Flaviis et al. Classification Description Type 1: cartilage swelling alone Hypoechoic zone superficial to the apophysis of the

in Sport: A Current Concepts Review". Sports Medicine International Open. 1 (2): E58–E68. doi:10.1055/s-0043-103946. ISSN 2367-1890. PMC 6226070. PMID 30539087

3° of hyperextension to 155° of flexion Sternoclavicular Joint Clavicle Rib 1 Manubrium Sternoclavicular, costoclavicular, interclavicular ligs. Medial supraclavicular

around a single axis. An example would be the atlantoaxial joint between C1 (atlas) and C2 (axis) of the vertebrae, permitting side-to-side head motion

terminale. The mean AP diameter of the sacral hiatus is 4.6 ± 2 mm to 6.1 ± 2.1 mm, and decreases with age. Tarlov cysts can be found below the S3 level

Written by: Dr Jeremy Steinberg – created: 15 April 2022; last modified: 24 April 2022 This article is still missing information. Leg length discrepancy

Ligaments Muscles Innervation Vasculature ROM Volume Atlanto-occipital Joint C1 (Atlas) Occiput Two articular capsules, posterior atlanto-occipital membrane

Internal rotation 30°, external rotation 40°, abduction 50°, adduction 30° 1-10mL

Raynaud's phenomenon Fabry disease Other genetic neuropathic pain conditions: TRPA1, SCN10A, and SCN11A familial episodic pain syndromes Non pharmacological: Wear

This article is still missing information. Lumbar spine arthrodesis is surgical procedure that is typically performed to address degenerative conditions

This article is still missing information. Proximal muscle weakness involves the axial and limb girdle muscle groups and can be caused by a wide array

tumor, neuroendocrine tumor, sarcoma Viral infections: HIV, EBV, VZV, HTLV-1 Vitamin B6 Intoxication Neurotoxic drugs: pyridoxine, cisplatin, carboplatin

Diagnosis Myotonic dystrophy DM type 1 (DMPK) DM type 2 (CNBP) Non-dystrophic myotonias Chloride channelopathies (CLCN1) Thomsen myotonia congenita Becker

symptom disorder". Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience. 20 (1): 23–31. doi:10.31887/DCNS.2018.20.1/phenningsen. ISSN 1958-5969. PMC 6016049. PMID 29946208

training. Sagittal Balance of the Spine Thoracic Hyperkyphosis - Koele 2020.pdf - 1.6 MB (f) Katzman, W. B.; Vittinghoff, E.; Lin, F.; Schafer, A.; Long, R. K

"Muscle cramps and contractures: causes and treatment". Practical Neurology. 23 (1): 23–34. doi:10.1136/pn-2022-003574. ISSN 1474-7766. PMID 36522175. Check date

Written by: Dr Jeremy Steinberg – created: 15 April 2022; last modified: 17 April 2022 This article is still missing information. Femoroacetabular impingement

subtype should not be considered a rare disease because the prevalence is 1 in 500) SCN9A Neuropathic Pain Syndromes: small fibre neuropathy, erythromelalgia

high prevalence of user error in the electrophysiology technique and interpretation. Nerve biopsy is at risk of sampling error when a biopsy is taken proximal

care is often the main approach. FSHD has two recognized forms, FSHD type 1 (autosomal dominant, 95% of cases) and FSHD type 2 (digenic, 5% of cases) which

traumatic sacral fractures, the sacrum is viewed as having three zones: Zone 1: The sacral ala lateral to the foraminae. The vast majority of sacral insufficiency

ISSN 0022-3050. PMC 490891. PMID 7229642. Check date values in: |date= (help)CS1 maint: PMC format (link) Gelfand, Amy A.; Johnson, Hannah; Lenaerts, Marc

column second row) as a cause for chronic low back pain fulfils postulates 1, 3, and 4 and has survived copious scientific scrutiny.

cohort study found 74% had complete resolution with 1-5 injections. 54% had complete response after 1 injection, and a further 14% with 2 injections. There

Tradition dictates using look, feel, and move. All signs are liable to errors of reliability and validity. The critical objective is to exclude red flags

Anatomic and Radiologic Considerations". RadioGraphics. 19 (1): 105–119. doi:10.1148/radiographics.19.1.g99ja02105. ISSN 0271-5333. Check date values in: |date=

target region is 1/3 to 1/2 along the course of the L5 dorsal ramus between the inflexion and base of the L5/S1 zygapophysial joint. The iliac crests can overlap

ISSN 2378-5128. PMC 5553487. PMID 28825013. Check date values in: |date= (help)CS1 maint: PMC format (link) Stubbings, Nicholas; Smith, Toby (2014-03). "Diagnostic

segment degeneration. In the event of L5-S1 fusion, there is 52% added motion on the sacroiliac joint. With L4-S1 fusion there is 168% added motion on the

Experimental Medicine (in English). 88 (1): 99–131. doi:10.1084/jem.88.1.99. ISSN 1540-9538. PMC 2135799. PMID 18871882.CS1 maint: PMC format (link) Stevens,