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transitional anatomy but the total thoracolumbosacral count remains the same. It is important to accurately describe transitional anatomy as failing to

and pelvis innervation. This article is a general overview of spinal cord anatomy. See nociception and basic neurophysiology for a more detailed overview

This article is a stub. Main article: Ilioinguinal Nerve The ilioinguinal nerve originates from the L1 nerve root along with the iliohypogastric nerve

This article is still missing information. The terms "polyneuropathy," "peripheral neuropathy," and "neuropathy" are often often used interchangeably but

Written by: Dr Jeremy Steinberg – created: 5 August 2021; last modified: 12 May 2024 This page is probably complete! It is awaiting peer review There are

This article is still missing information. Iliotibial band syndrome is a common cause of lateral knee pain in runners. The ITB is a thickened part of the

update - 1.03 MB (f) Tamborrini 2017 - The Rotator Interval – A Link Between Anatomy and Ultrasound - 1.44 MB (f) Sambandam 2015 - Rotator cuff tears: An evidence

Written by: Dr Jeremy Steinberg – created: 24 March 2021; last modified: 20 May 2023 This article is still missing information. Small fiber neuropathy

rigid coccyx. The optimal management remains unknown. Main article: Coccyx Anatomy The coccyx has between three to five vertebrae. Four segments is the most

This article is a stub. The radiocarpal joint is formed by the articulation between the distal end of the radius, a bone in the forearm, and the proximal

can cause an atypical presentation of sciatica. Transitional lumbosacral anatomy may result in the L4 nerve root serving the usual function of L5 in L5 sacralisation

attaches to the tibia, malleoli, and talus. Ankle Bony Anatomy – Anterior View Ankle and Hindfoot Bony Anatomy – Lateral View There are three groups of ligaments

This article is still missing information. Hip joint injections can be performed with a variety of image guidance, including fluoroscopy and ultrasound

This article is still missing information. Isolated scaphotrapeziotrapezoid (STT) joint osteoarthritis is a fairly common cause of radial sided wrist pain

This article is still missing information. The Ilioinguinal and iliohypogastric nerve injection, or nerve block, is a valuable diagnostic, prognostic,

This article is still missing information. The coccyx (plural: coccyges) is the series of rudimentary vertebrae forming the caudal termination of the vertebral

This article is a stub.

C0-1 C1-2 C2-7 Anatomy 1. Superior facets of C0 (Atlas): 28° in sagittal and transverse planes

C0-1 C1-2 C2-7 Anatomy 1. Superior facets of C0 (Atlas): 28° in sagittal and transverse planes 2. No disc 1.  C1 has convex facet joint surface (allow

This article is still missing information. The supraorbital nerve is a branch of the terminal cutaneous branches of the frontal nerve. It runs through

and Instability Sternoclavicular Joint Injection Epperson & Varacallo. Anatomy, Shoulder and Upper Limb, Sternoclavicular Joint. 2021. . PMID: 30725943

This article is a stub. There is surprisingly little consensus on the anatomy of the lateral hip rotators Lumbar Plexus Subcostal nerve Iliohypogastric

This article is still missing information. The hip joint is a synovial joint between the femoral head and the acetabulum of the pelvis. The hip is a ball

Gómez CM, Umpire DF, Pathria MN. Imaging of the Acromioclavicular Joint: Anatomy, Function, Pathologic Features, and Treatment. Radiographics. 2020 Sep-Oct;40(5):1355-1382

some cases, most commonly in women aged between 15-35. As outlined in the anatomy section, these ligaments do not provide significant resistance to forward

This page or section deals with a topic that is not widely recognised or accepted. Please use your clinical judgement and note that this is not necessarily

This article is still missing information. The talocalcaneal joint, also called the clinical subtalar joint, is an important and complex joint in the hindfoot

C0-1 C1-2 C2-7 Anatomy 1. Superior facets of C0 (Atlas): 28° in sagittal and transverse planes

This article is still missing information. The greater occipital nerve is a popular target for treating and preventing headache disorders. The greater

the foot with continued progressive deformity of the foot and ankle. The anatomy of the foot and ankle are complex, with multiple structures involved in

and pain. See Sternoclavicular Joint Anatomy for a review of the anatomy See also: Sternoclavicular Joint Anatomy The Sternoclavicular joint (SCJ) is inherently

This article is a stub. There are three parts to the interspinous ligaments. Ventrally there are fibres that run posterocranially from the dorsal aspect

Poilliot et al, free access Bogduk, Nikolai. Clinical and radiological anatomy of the lumbar spine. Edinburgh: Elsevier/Churchill Livingstone, 2012 Poilliot

contracture. This is called Dupuytren contracture The anatomy of the hand is very complex as is the anatomy of which structures are involved in Dupuytren disease

Os peroneum (OP) normal anatomy. Peroneal tendons (peroneus brevis 1, peroneus longus 2) travel along the lateral surface of the calcaneus that presents

This article is still missing information. Pain following hernia surgery is common, generally subsiding within approximately two months. However, a proportion

Slipped rib syndrome anatomy Slipping Rib Syndrome Epidemiology Any age, females > males Pathophysiology loss of fibrous or cartilaginous attachments between

precision treatments for this structure. Main article: Sacroiliac Joint Anatomy The sacroiliac joint is around 1-2mm wide and is formed within S1, S2, and

Switzerland: Springer, 2016. Bogduk, Nikolai. Clinical and radiological anatomy of the lumbar spine. Edinburgh: Elsevier/Churchill Livingstone, 2012. Maigne

This article is a stub. Lumbar Spine Shape and Metabolic Activity - Toor 2020 - 1.77 MB (f)

Willard et al.. The thoracolumbar fascia: anatomy, function and clinical considerations. Journal of anatomy 2012. 221:507-36. PMID: 22630613. DOI. Full

pathology is James Taylor's The Cervical Spine: An atlas of normal anatomy and the morbid anatomy of ageing and injuries. The zygaphophyseal joints are an important

Konstantinou P, Pinto I, Karavelis A, Kostretzis L (2017) Extensor Mechanism’s Anatomy at the Metacarpophalangeal Joint. MOJ Orthop Rheumatol 8(4): 00319. DOI:

see effect in <10 min Bleeding/hematoma Infection Intravascular injection Anatomy for EM - Fascia Iliaca Block Video: Fascia Iliaca Block

This article is a stub.

Adhesive Capsulitis, calcific tendinitis, and bursitis. Shoulder Shoulder Anatomy Shoulder Conditions Shoulder Procedures Shoulder Examination Shoulder Pain

This article is a stub.

This article is a stub. Diaphragm two muscles - Pickering 2002 - 197 KB (f)

This article is a stub. Literature Review Reviews from the last 7 years: review articles, free review articles, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, NCBI

steroid if using. Knee and Leg Knee and Leg Anatomy Knee and Leg Conditions Knee and Leg Procedures Lower Limb Anatomy Acute Knee Pain Calf Pain Differential

. The topics of sternoclavicular joint pain and sternoclavicular joint anatomy are addressed elsewhere. The sternoclavicular joint has a small meniscus

part of the sensory innervation of the hand. This article explores the anatomy, function, and clinical significance of the superficial radial nerve in

This article is still missing information. The supratrochlear nerve is a terminal cutaneous branch of the frontal nerve. The frontal nerve arises from

This article is a stub.

This article is a stub.

L5, fusion of the coccyx, and spina bifida (see Transitional Vertebral Anatomy). The sacrum is wedge shaped with concave anterior and convex posterior

This article is still missing information. Oral exam Head/chin deviations C curve occurs due to hypomobility, the mandible deviates to the involved side

This article is still missing information. The lesser occipital nerve (LON) is commonly injected alongside the greater occipital nerve for headache disorders

This article is a stub.

This article is still missing information. The auriculotemporal nerve is a branch of the mandibular nerve (V3) that runs with the superficial temporal

This page or section deals with a topic that is not widely recognised or accepted. Please use your clinical judgement and note that this is not necessarily

This article is still missing information. See Drakos et al for a brief review. First MTPJ integrity is related primarily to the joint capsule, collateral

This article is still missing information. The flexor retinaculum attaches to four areas. Namely the pisoform, the scaphoid, the hook of the hamate, and

presence of pain see Pain Oriented Sensory Testing. Main article: Spinal Cord Anatomy Part or all of this article or section is derived from Numbness by ddxof

nearly reach the superior nuchal line. See Kim et al for a review of the anatomy The third occipital nerve can be blocked using ultrasound guidance, which

sensory disturbance at levels not explained by standard imaging. Transitional anatomy if present, can also contribute to variable clinical presentations. Diagnostic

for understanding the behavior of biological tissues in human and animal anatomy. These properties determine how tissues respond to different types of stress

This article is a stub. Infection, uncontrolled coagulopathy, joint prosthesis, poor response to previous injections. Allergy to eggs or feathers is a

This article is still missing information. Injection for De Quervain Tendinopathy. The APL and EPB usually run together in the first dorsal compartment

This article is still missing information. The peroneal tendons are located in the lateral compartment of the leg behind the lateral malleolus. Peroneus

This article is still missing information. Main article: Ankle Joint Anatomy The ankle joint, or tibiotalar joint, is a hinged synovial joint. It is created

muscles, motor control, and alignment. Main article: Sacroiliac Joint Anatomy The sacroiliac joint is a diarthrodial synovial joint, and only the anterior

This article is still missing information. The infrapatellar fat pad (figure 1) also known as Hoffa's fat pad is the primary adipose structure within the

This article is still missing information. The ACJ is a small joint therefore the injected volume should reflect this i.e maximum 2mL. pain - arthropathy

This article is a stub. The cluneal nerves are a group of pure sensory nerves (superior, medial or middle, and inferior) that provide sensory supply to

This article is a stub. The ischiofemoral space is bounded by the ischial tuberosity medially, the lesser trochanter of the femur laterally, the femoral

This article is a stub. The proximal radioulnar joint is a pivot type synovial joint between the circumference of the head of the radius and the ring formed

repetitive microtrauma, and typically occur in boxers. Main article: Finger Anatomy The extensor hood stabilises the extensor tendon at the MCPJ, whereas the

This article is still missing information. Plantar fasciitis is the most common cause of chronic heel pain, with a lifetime prevalence of up to 10%. See

This article is a stub. Posterior Disc: sinuvertebral nerve from ventral ramus Anterolateral disc: Grey ramus communicans of the lumbar sympathetic trunk

This article is a stub. The C1 spinal nerve is unique. It does not have a typical dorsal root ganglion. The ganglion cells are located in the rootlets

This article is still missing information. The Scaphotrapeziotrapezoid (STT) or triscaphe joint is the joint that is shared between the scaphoid, trapezium

(meralgia paraesthetica). Full discussion of the clinical syndrome and the anatomy are discussed elsewhere (See Lateral Femoral Cutaneous Nerve Entrapment

to steroid leaking into the surrounding soft tissues Shoulder Shoulder Anatomy Shoulder Conditions Shoulder Procedures Shoulder Examination Shoulder Pain

This article is still missing information. Tarsal tunnel syndrome is an mononeuropathy of the posterior tibial nerve or of one of its branches in the tarsal

This is ported content from ddxof It is subject to the compatible CC-BY-SA license. Atlanto-occipital dislocation , atlantoaxial dislocations , potentially

This article is still missing information. TMC joint injection may be indicated with failure of first line treatments to treat chronic pain e.g. fromosteoarthritis

This article is still missing information. The elbow joint functions as a fulcrum for the forearm and helps position the hand in space. The elbow joint

This article is a stub. The acromioclavicular joint (ACJ) is formed by the junction between the acromion process of the scapula and the distal clavicle

This article is a stub. The distal radioulnar joint is a pivot type synovial joint existing between the ulnar notch of the distal radius and the head of

This article is still missing information. The five metatarsophalangeal joints are each composed of a convex metatarsal head and a concave proximal phalanx

abductor hallucis muscle and quadratus plantae. The Gray's anatomy image and many other anatomy textbook images are incorrect. The Baxter nerve is quite

The anatomy of the proximal and distal intersection syndromes.

Written by: Dr Jeremy Steinberg – created: 16 April 2022; last modified: 11 March 2023 This article is still missing information. Lateral plantar nerve

This article is still missing information. Quadrilateral Space Syndrome (QSS) is a relatively uncommon disorder, initially described by Cahill and Palmer

This article is still missing information. Greater femoral trochanteric bursa injections under ultrasound-guidance ensures the injectate is accurately

C0-1 C1-2 C2-7 Anatomy 1. Superior facets of C0 (Atlas): 28° in sagittal and transverse planes

Konstantinou P, Pinto I, Karavelis A, Kostretzis L (2017) Extensor Mechanism’s Anatomy at the Metacarpophalangeal Joint. MOJ Orthop Rheumatol 8(4): 00319. DOI:

This article is a stub. The metacarpophalangeal joints (MCP) are condyloid joints situated between the metacarpal bones and the proximal phalanges of the